The Lahore Journal
of Business

Lahore Journal of Business

(HEC recognized journal in “Y” category)

The Lahore Journal of Business is aimed at providing a specialized forum for dissemination of qualitative and quantitative research in various areas of business administration. The LJB invites researchers, policy makers and analysts to submit original theoretical and empirical papers that explore and contribute to the understanding of various areas in the business domain. The Journal aims at bringing together state-of-art research findings, particularly from emerging markets, in various business disciplines including (but not limited to) accounting, banking, management, marketing, finance, investments, human resource management and organizational behavior.

The Determinants of International Certification among Manufacturing Firms in Pakistan

Submitted

November 22, 2023

Accepted

November 22, 2023

Accepted

November 22, 2023

Abstract

This study investigates the factors that influence international certification among Pakistani manufacturing firms. About a third of such firms in Pakistan hold one or more certificates related to management or technical processes. The existing literature suggests that this demand is influenced by factors such as sector of activity, market competition, human capital and information environment, ownership type, and available resources. By analyzing a large, random sample of Pakistani manufacturing firms, we find strong correlations between these factors and international certification. We also discover that owner attitude, an aspect overlooked in previous studies, plays a role in the certification decision. While our statistical model does not fully explain the determinants of certification for small firms, we do find that certification is associated with increased profitability among small enterprises. This implies that small enterprise development agencies can improve the effectiveness of their programs by considering certification status as an additional criterion for allocating support funds. The results of our study have policy implications related to exporting, staff training, diffusion of firm ownership, and enhanced information access facilitated by modern technology tools

Keywords

International certification

SME policy

product market competition

training

information environment

ownership diffusion.

This work is licensed under LJB.

Iqbal, F., & Nakhoda, A. (2024). The Determinants of International Certification
among Manufacturing Firms in Pakistan. The Lahore Journal of Business, 11(2), 1-28.

  1. Adler, M. D., & Posner, E. A. (2000). Introduction to cost-benefit analysis. Journal of Legal Studies, 29, 837.
  2. Biazzo, S., & Bernardi, G. (2003). Process management practices and quality systems standards: Risks and opportunities of the new ISO 9001 certification. Business Process Management Journal, 9(2), 149–169.
  3. Bloom, N., & Van Reenen, J. (2010). Why do management practices differ across firms and countries? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(1), 203–224.
  4. Cao, X., & Prakash, A. (2011). Growing exports by signaling product quality: Trade competition and the cross‐national diffusion of ISO 9000 quality standards. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 30(1), 111–135.
  5. Choudhary, A., Lemos, R., & Van Reenen, J. (2018). Management in Pakistan: Performance and conflict (Working Paper F-89459-PAK-1). International Growth Centre.
  6. Dick, G. P., Heras, I., & Casadesús, M. (2008). Shedding light on causation between ISO 9001 and improved business performance. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 28(7), 687–708.
  7. DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147–160.
  8. Dos Santos, M. G., Borini, F. M., Pereira, R. M., & Raziq, M. M. (2020). Institutional pressures and the diffusion of organizational innovation: Evidence from Brazilian firms. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 32(7), 869–880.
  9. Fatima, M. (2014). Impact of ISO 9000 on business performance in Pakistan: Implications for quality in developing countries. Quality Management Journal, 21(1), 16–24.
  10. Fikru, M. G. (2014). Firm-level determinants of international certification: evidence from Ethiopia. World Development, 64, 286–297.
Read More
ozototo https://nongkiplay.com/ samson88 samson88 samson88 kingbokep jenongplay samson88 dausbet dausbet cagurbet samson88 dausbet dausbet cagurbet slot777 slot mpo dausbet dausbet samson88 samson88 cagurbet samson88 samson88 cagurbet slot777 slot gacor hari ini samson88 Slot777 slot mpo https://gasindustri.co.id/ slot gacor dausbet https://webs.stikesabi.ac.id/lib/ kno89 cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet samson88 cagurbet apk slot slot thailand https://www.chabad.com/videos/ cagurbet scatter hitam cagurbet slot777 jamur4d jamur4d slot2d cagurbet cagurbet slot777 livetotobet slot2d samson88 samson88 livetotobet livetotobet livetotobet livetotobet cagurbet cagurbet bintang4d cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet strategi pemain 2026 berubah perubahan sistem game digital 2026 dausbet cagurbet dausbet cagurbet dausbet cagurbet jokers4d jokers4d karinbet karinbet dausbet https://nks.com.vn/contact/ karinbet dausbet bintang4d jokers4d livetotobet https://smkpgri1jakarta.sch.id/ livetotobet karinbet cagurbet cagurbet kawat4d slot2d bintang4d cagurbet samson88 samson88 cagurbet kawat4d cagurbet samson88 slot777 slot2d slot2d bintang4d livetotobet jokers4d karinbet karinbet samson88 karinbet samson88 kawat4d cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet kawat4d kawat4d cagurbet slot777 cagurbet dausbet kawat4d kawat4d kawat4d slot toto slot2d cagurbet livetotobet https://routertool.co.uk/terms-and-conditions/ https://reginarick.de/kontakt/ https://htgfruit.id.vn/lien-he/ kawat4d slot88 cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet dausbet slot qris slot qris scatter hitam slot dana kawat4d kawat4d karinbet samson88 kawat4d cagurbet samson88 samson88 cagurbet cagurbet slot qris cagurbet dausbet slot gacor cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet samson88 cagurbet apk slot cagurbet slot777 cagurbet dausbet apk slot cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet samson88 cagurbet cagurbet karinbet samson88 samson88 samson88 samson88 dausbet cagurbet dausbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet dausbet cagurbet cariwd88 cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cariwd88 antares138 cagurbet cagurbet apk slot cagurbet slot thailand karinbet karinbet karinbet karinbet apk slot karinbet samson88 karinbet cagurbet slot gacor hari ini dausbet apk slot slot qris cariwd88 apk slot karinbet karinbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet samson88 karinbet cariwd88 karinbet cariwd88 apk slot cariwd88 cagurbet karinbet karinbet karinbet cagurbet cagurbet dausbet karinbet cariwd88 cagurbet samson88 karinbet karinbet karinbet samson88 karinbet dausbet cagurbet cagurbet karinbet apk slot cariwd88 cariwd88 cariwd88 cariwd88 dausbet cariwd88 cariwd88 jamur4d karinbet cariwd88 cariwd88 cariwd88 cariwd88 cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cariwd88 cariwd88 cariwd88 apk slot cagurbet cagurbet dausbet dausbet cagurbet cagurbet cagurbet cariwd88 karinbet samson88 dausbet cagurbet dausbet dausbet dausbet dausbet samson88 samson88 dausbet cagurbet cagurbet cariwd88